Nationality and Citizenship in Revolutionary France: The Treatment of Foreigners 1789-1799In 1789 the French Revolution opened with a cosmopolitan flourish and progressive observers across the world hailed a new era of international fraternity, based on a new kind of politics. Foreigners were welcomed to France, to enrich the regenerated nation and to become citizens. By the Terror of 1793-94, however, this universalist promise had all but died. Some foreigners in France were guillotined, hundreds of others were jailed, expelled, watched closely and were obliged to carry special identity cards. How and why foreignors were squeezed out of French social and political life- and to what extent- is the subject of this book. Besides such issues as citizenship, nationality, passports and surveillance, this study considers the experience of specific types of foreignors, like those who served in the French army; in the clergy; foreign radicals or patriots; and those who contributed to French economic life. The dramatic transformation in the fortunes of foreignors during the revolution reveals much about the origins of modern concepts of nationality and citizenship and the development of national identities. In defining the limit of the nation, the revolutionaries and foreignors alike faced difficulties which have particular ressonance today. |
Contents
FOREIGNERS UNDER THE CONSTITUENT | 83 |
FOREIGNERS WAR AND THE REPUBLIC | 134 |
THE TERROR | 189 |
FOREIGNERS BETWEEN THERMIDOR | 259 |
Other editions - View all
Nationality and Citizenship in Revolutionary France: The Treatment of ... Michael Rapport No preview available - 2000 |
Common terms and phrases
9 Thermidor Alsace Anacharsis Cloots Ancien Régime anglophobia arrest artisans August authorities bankers Belgian Bordeaux Britain British citizenship Cloots club comité Committee of Public conseil d'état Constitution Convention cosmopolitan cultural decree Dieulouard diplomatic Directory droit d'aubaine Dutch Patriots economic enemy subjects English étrangers exclusive exemptions exiles foreign clergy foreign patriots foreign radicals foreign regiments foreign troops France French army French citizens French government French nationality French Revolution Genevan German Girondins Godechot Hébertists hostility Ibid ideology Irish College Jacobin club Jacobins Joel Barlow July legions legislation Liégeois livres London loyalty manufacturers March Mary Wollstonecraft Mathiez measures ment military minister monarchy Moniteur National Assembly Necker Oberkampf October officers Paine passports prisoners protected Public Safety recruitment refugees regime Republic republican Révolution française revolutionary politics Robespierre sans-culottes Scots College September soldiers suggested surveillance Swiss Guards Swiss regiments Terror Thermidor Thermidorians Thomas Paine tion vols Wahnich xenophobia