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ON

THE RELATIONS

OF THE

DUCHIES OF SCHLESWIG AND HOLSTEIN

TO THE

CROWN OF DENMARK

AND THE

GERMANIC CONFEDERATION,

AND ON

THE TREATY-ENGAGEMENTS OF THE GREAT EUROPEAN POWERS

IN REFERENCE THERETO.

BY

TRAVERS TWISS, D.C.L. F.R.S.

FELLOW OF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, Oxford,

AND

ADVOCATE IN DOCTORS' COMMONS.

LONDON:

LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS,

PATERNOSTER-ROW.

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PRE FACE.

THE armed intervention of the Germanic Confederation in the recent differences between the Duchies of Holstein and Schleswig and the Crown of Denmark, has invested a question of internal politics with all the gravity of an international dispute; and the hostilities consequent thereupon have threatened to establish a Casus Fœderis in respect of the various Treaties of Guaranty into which Great Britain and others of the Great Powers of Europe have entered with the Crown of Denmark. This circumstance may be held sufficient to justify the Author in undertaking the present inquiry, although, in the course of it, it will be apparent that the dispute between the Duchies and the Crown of Denmark involves, strictly speaking, questions of political right, with which Foreign Powers are not concerned, and into which a foreign writer cannot enter with much hope of uniting the sympathies of parties, and thereby facilitating an adjustment of their difficulties.

As, however, the juridical point of view from which a stranger must be content to regard such questions, exempts him from the influence of many strong feelings and associations, which cannot but bias the judgment of the parties interested in them, according

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